Production of Advanced Materials by Methods of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis

This translation from the original Russian book outlines the production of a variety of materials by methods of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The types of materials discussed include: hard, refractory, corrosion and wear-resistant materials, as well as other advanced and specialty materials. The authors address the issue of optimal parameters for SHS reactions occurring during processes involving a preliminary metallothermic reduction stage, and they calculate these using thermodynamic approaches. In order to confirm the effectiveness of this approach, the authors describe experiments focusing on the synthesis of elemental crystalline boron, boron carbides and nitrides. Other parts of this brief include theoretical and experimental results on single-stage production of hard alloys on the basis of titanium and zirconium borides, as well as macro kinetics of degassing and compaction of SHS-products. This brief is suitable for academics, as well as those working in industrial manufacturing companies producing hard alloys and composites for making metal-working machinery or drilling equipment.Synthesis of elemental boron and its refractory compounds by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis with metallothermic reduction.- Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS).- Methods for Production of Boron.- Thermodynamic Analysis of Synthesis Reactions of Elemental Boron, Boron Carbide and Boron Nitride.- SHS of elemental boron at combustion in the KBF4-Mg and KBF4-Al systems.- Properties of boron produced by SHS.- Structure of boron.- Electron microscopic analysis of synthesized boron.- Thermal analysis of boron powders.- SHS of boron carbide and nitride.- SHS of boron carbide from KBF4.- SHS of boron nitride from KBF4.- Method for production of elemental boron and boron carbide from KBF4.- Gradient composite material B4C-Al2O3-Ni.- 2 Hard titanium and zirconium boride alloys and items manufactured from them by SHS-compaction.- Items produced from borides as an alternative to tungsten-based alloys.- Transition metal borides.- Structure of powders.- Effect of the charge particle size on SHS.- Reagents and manufacturing process for production of hard alloys based on titanium and zirconium borides.- Pattern formation of final combustion product for the Zr-B and Ti-B systems.- Physical-Chemical and mechanical properties of hard alloys based on titanium and zirconium borides.- Bending strength and ultimate compression strength.- Hardness.- Thermal stability.- Heat resistance.- Corrosion resistance.- Electroconductivity.- Thermal conductivity.- Temperature dependence of STIM-4 and TiB thermal expansion coefficients.- Laboratory and factory tests for wear-resistance of hard alloys.- Production and analysis of TiB2-based hard alloys.- Choice of particle size for the metal binder reagent.- Analysis of final products.- Physical-mechanical properties of TiB2-Ti and TiB2-St45 hard alloys.- Bending and ultimate compression strength.- Hardness.- Wear resistance.- Thermal stability.- Heat resistance.- Temperature dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient .- Factory testing of TiB2-based hard alloy parts.- Macrokinetics of degassing during SHS.- An experimental approach to the study of macrokinetics of degassing.- Infiltration characteristics of sample.- Gas evolution in the Ta-C and Ti-C systems.- Locating the source of gas evolution.- Effect of degassing on combustion velocity.- Macrokinetics of SHS compaction.- Characteristic times of SHS compaction.- Hard alloy compaction time.- Hard alloy cooling time.- Effect of the charge size.- SHS compaction of hard alloy consisting of refractory compounds.- SHS compaction of hard alloy consisting of refractory compound and metal binder.- Appendix New data on mechanism of SHS in systems with melting components: combustion of layered systems.