The Locust Effect

World poverty is both an intractable and ever-mutable problem. It has afflicted humanity since the earliest times, but its basic features - aside from the constant, want - have evolved as history has moved from epoch to epoch. Today, there is broad recognition that a significant segment of the global population (the 'bottom billion,' to use Paul Collier's term) is impoverished despite the globalization of the world economy. Two questions - why destitution is so persistent despite massive global economic growth and what can be done about it - have animated debates among development scholars and poverty researchers for decades. Those who concentrate on the first question focus on the failure of anti-poverty efforts and typically stress why particular solutions on offer have not worked. Those addressing the second question have focused on either improving material conditions or on creating institutional frameworks (economic, social and political) that will allow the masses in poor countries to escape from poverty. Yet until now, virtually no one has addressed in a substantial way the most basic precondition for alleviating poverty: human safety. In most poverty-stricken areas of the world, violence is endemic. Whether it is generated by criminals who operate with complete abandon or by the state itself via predatory police forces, violence and threat of it have locked hundreds of millions of people into poverty. Gary Haugen and Victor Boutros's The Locust Effect focuses on the central role of violence in perpetuating poverty, and shows that if any headway is to be made, this issue has to become a top priority for policymakers. Simply put, if people aren't safe, nothing else matters. Shipping grain to the poor, helping them vote, or assisting their efforts to start a farm is irrelevant. Whatever material improvements we provide will simply wash away in the face of the corrupt police forces, out-of-control, armies, private militias, organized criminals, and - not least - failed justice systems that plague poor countries. Throughout, the book will feature real-world stories ranging from Thailand to Bolivia to India to Nigeria that vividly depict how violence undercuts antipoverty efforts. While they argue that this violence is the fundamental issue facing the antipoverty movement, they do not merely identify the problem. They also draw from their experience running the International Justice Mission to show that ground-up efforts to reform legal and public justice systems can generate real, positive results. Sweeping in geographical scope and filled with unforgettable stories of individuals trapped within the mutually reinforcing cycle of poverty and violence, The Locust Effect will force us to rethink everything we know about the causes of poverty and why it is so difficult to root out. A compelling reminder that if we are to create a 21st Century of shared prosperity, we cannot turn a blind eye to the violence that threatens our common humanity. Bill Clinton, Former U.S. President By reminding us that basic legal protections are not a privilege, but a universal right, Gary Haugen has issued a moral call to arms that informs the brain and touches the heart. Madeleine Albright, Former U.S. Secretary of State The Locust Effect is an appeal to the global community to engage much more into multi-stakeholder action to combat violence, crime, and abuse. This is the only way to secure a human future for mankind. Klaus Schwab, Founder & Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum A wake-up call to everyone who cares about global poverty. Jacquelline Fuller, Director, Google Giving This extraordinary book offers surprising and valuable insights about the nature and the drivers of the plague of violence that haunts the global poor. A must-read. Moises Naim, author of The End of Power and former editor-in-chief of Foreign Policy A must-read for anyone interested in development, security, and the failure of billions of people to achieve their potential. Anne-Marie Slaughter, President, New America Foundation, and Professor Emeritus of Politics and International Affairs, Princeton University In a world of simplistic and knee-jerk responses to the world's problems, Gary Haugen arrives with insight, wisdom, and realism. The Locust Effect is a game-changer. This is a book that is as smart as it is heartfelt, as grounded as it is creative. Kevin Bales, Professor of Contemporary Slavery, University of Hull, and Co-Founder, Free the Slaves An insightful, incisive analysis of violence as it impacts every level of the plight of the poor. A compelling wake-up call for all who care about justice and human rights. It tells the truth and gives tools and guidelines that demand attention. Tim Costello, Chief Executive, World Vision AustraliaI. The Deeper Waters of Violence ; Chapter One: The Desperate Drama Beneath the Surface ; Chapter Two: Five Nightmares that Destroy the Dream ; II. If You're Not Safe, Nothing Else Matters ; Chapter Three: The Poor Have No Protection and The Emperor Has No Clothes Chapter Four: No Medical Remedy for Violence ; Chapter Five: Violence and the Dream of Universal Human Rights ; Chapter Six: Interesting But Not Helpful ; III. The Invisible Oxygen the Global Poor Don't Get to Breathe ; Chapter Seven: Impunity Not Poverty ; Chapter Eight: The Invisible Oxygen of Law and Order ; Chapter Nine: Inside the Public Justice Pipeline ; IV. Why So Broken? Three Surprising Stories ; Chapter Ten: The Absurdity that Makes Sense ; Chapter Eleven: Private Substitutes for Public Justice ; Chapter Twelve: You Get What You Pay For ; Chapter Thirteen: Threats to the Status Quo ; V. Justice is Possible for the Poor: The Problem that Simply Must-and Can-be Solved ; Chapter Fourteen: Hope and the Recovery of a Lost History ; Chapter Fifteen: Lessons of Hope from an Emerging Methodology ; Chapter Sixteen: A Way Forward: What We All Need to Do Now