Adult Hydrocephalus

Adult hydrocephalus is an insidious yet treatable condition that develops slowly, with usual onset around 60 years of age. It is poorly recognized and many cases are not diagnosed until late in the course of disease, leading to poorer patient outcomes and a high financial cost to healthcare providers. The resulting neurological symptoms include gait/balance problems, loss of bladder control, and a cognitive decline leading to dementia, which is often mistaken for Alzheimer's disease. This book - the first published on this topic since 1993 - provides comprehensive guidelines to improve the speed and accuracy of diagnosis, and covers various neurosurgical techniques used to treat the disease, including the insertion of different types of shunts and endoscopic third ventriculostomy. This is essential reading for neurologists, neurosurgeons, family physicians, and radiologists who may well encounter adult patients with hydrocephalus more often than they realize.Prologue; Part I. Basic Sciences: 1. Anatomy and physiology of the cerebrospinal fluid system Thomas A. Kosztowski, Aristotelis Filippidis, Rory Goodwin, Benjamin Elder and Daniele Rigamonti; 2. Neuropathology of human hydrocephalus Marc R. Del Bigio; 3. Animal models of hydrocephalus Marianne Juhler; 4. Genetics of hydrocephalus Jun Zhang; 5. The epidemiology of hydrocephalus Are Brean and Per Kristian Eide; Part II. Pathophysiology: 6. Pathophysiology of gait dysfunction in normal pressure hydrocephalus Jonathan Pindrik, Amy Bastian and Daniele Rigamonti; 7. The pathophysiologic basis of cognitive dysfunction in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus Norman Relkin and Heather Katzen; 8. Incontinence and lower urinary tract symptoms in normal pressure hydrocephalus Adam P. Klausner and Samuel P. Robinson; 9. Normal pressure hydrocephalus grading scales Masatsune Ishikawa; Part III. Diagnosis: 10. The differential diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus Marianne Juhler, Daniele Rigamonti and Carsten Wikkelso; 11. Core imaging in adult hydrocephalus Benjamin D. Elder, Patrick Bankah, Ari M. Blitz, Rory C. Goodwin, Thomas A. Kosztowski, Ignacio Jusue-Torres and Daniele Rigamonti; 12. Imaging of the cerebrospinal fluid circulation Olivier Baledent; 13. Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and infusion techniques Cemil Kayis and Gunes A. Aygok; 14. Monitoring of intracranial pressure and assessment of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics Marek Czosnyka, Martin U. Schuhmann, Stefano Signoretti, Zofia Czosnyka and John D. Pickard; 15. Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus Andrew A. Tarnaris; Part IV. Treatment and Outcomes: 16. Hydrocephalus shunt procedures Benjamin D. Elder and Daniele Rigamonti; 17. Hydrocephalus shunts: principles, hardware, shunt testing Zofia Czosnyka, Krzysztof Cieslicki, John D. Pickard and Marek Czosnyka; 18. Management of shunts in normal pressure hydrocephalus: follow-up and late complications Ahmed Mohyeldin, Ammar Shaikhouni and John McGregor; 19. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: indications, technique, outcome, and complications Steffen Fleck, Jorg Baldauf and Henry W. S. Schroeder; 20. Outcome of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus Gunes A. Aygok; Part V. Associated Conditions: 21. Normal pressure hydrocephalus syndrome secondary to hemorrhage, infection and malignancy Rory C. Goodwin and Daniele Rigamonti; 22. Low-pressure syndromes and cerebrospinal fluid leaks: diagnosis and management Debraj Mukherjee and Wouter I. Schievink; 23. Management of the adult with congenital hydrocephalus Jonathan Pindrik and Edward S. Ahn; 24. Management of hydrocephalus with associated cerebrospinal fluid pathologies Petra Margarete Klinge; 25. Chiari malformation and hydrocephalus in adults Aristotelis S. Filippidis and Harold L. Rekate; 26. Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome John D. Pickard and Nicholas Higgins; Epilogue; Index.