Green Polymer Chemistry

Green polymer chemistry is a very active area of research that has attracted the attention of the scientific community and the public at large. Developments in this area are stimulated by health and environmental concerns, interest in sustainability, desire to decrease the dependence on petroleum, and opportunity to design and produce "green" products and processes. A large number of publications have appeared, and many new methodologies have been reported. In consideration of the rapid advances in this area, the editors organized an international symposium on "Green Polymer Chemistry: Biocatalysis and Biobased Materials" at the American Chemical Society (ACS) national meeting in Philadelphia, PA in August 2012. The symposium was very successful, with a total of 63 papers and active participation and discussions among the leading researchers. Whereas all aspects of Green Polymer Chemistry were covered, a particular emphasis was placed on biocatalysis and biobased materials. Biocatalysis involves the use of enzymes, microbes, and higher organisms to carry out chemical reactions. It provides exciting opportunities to manipulate polymer structures, to discover new reaction pathways, and to devise environmentally friendly processes. It also benefits from innovations in biotechnology which enables cheaper and improved enzymes to be made and customized polymeric materials to be produced in vivo using metabolic engineering. Biobased materials also represent an equally exciting opportunity that has found many industrial and medical applications. There is commonality with biocatalysis because many biobased products are biodegradable, where enzymes and/or microbes are involved. This book was compiled and edited in view of the success of the Philadelphia symposium, and the fact that this field is multidisciplinary where publications tend to be spread out over journals in different disciplines.Preface ; 1. Green Polymer Chemistry: A Brief Review ; H. N. Cheng, Patrick B. Smith, and Richard A. Gross ; Enzymatic Biocatalysis: Lipases ; 2. Enzyme-Based Technologies: Perspectives and Opportunities ; Alan S. Campbell, Chenbo Dong, Nianqiang Wu, Jonathan S. Dordick, and ; Cerasela Zoica Dinu ; 3. Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Poly(amine-co-esters) and ; Poly(lactone-co-?-amino esters) ; Zhaozhong Jiang ; 4. Metrology as a Tool To Understand Immobilized Enzyme Catalyzed ; Ring-Opening Polymerization ; Matthew T. Hunley, Sara V. Orski, and Kathryn L. Beers ; 5. Syntheses and Characterization of Aliphatic Polyesters via Yarrowia ; lipolytica Lipase Biocatalysis ; Karla A. Barrera-Rivera and Antonio Martinez-Richa ; 6. Microwave-Assisted Biocatalytic Polymerizations ; Anil Mahapatro and Taina D. Matos Negron ; 7. Green Polymer Chemistry: Enzymatic Functionalization of Poly(ethylene ; glycol)s Under Solventless Conditions ; Judit E. Puskas, Kwang Su Seo, Marcela Castano, Madalis Casiano, and ; Chrys Wesdemiotis ; 8. Biocatalysis for Silicone-Based Copolymers ; Stephen J. Clarson, Yadagiri Poojari, and Michael D. Williard ; Enzymatic Biocatalysis: ; Other Enzymes ; 9. Comparison of Polyester-Degrading Cutinases from Genus Thermobifida ; Fusako Kawai, Uschara Thumarat, Kengo Kitadokoro, Tomonori Waku, ; Tomoko Tada, Naoki Tanaka, and Takeshi Kawabata ; 10. <"Green>" Synthesis of Bisphenol Polymers and Copolymers, Mediated ; by Supramolecular Complexes of Laccase and Linear-Dendritic Block ; Copolymers ; Ivan Gitsov and Arsen Simonyan ; 11. Synthesis of New Polysaccharide Materials by Phosphorylase-Catalyzed ; Enzymatic ?-Glycosylations Using Polymeric Glycosyl Acceptors ; Jun-ichi Kadokawa ; 12. Biocatalytic ATRP: Controlled Radical Polymerizations Mediated by ; Enzymes ; Kasper Renggli, Mariana Spulber, Jonas Pollard, Martin Rother, and Nico Bruns ; Whole-Cell Biocatalysis ; 13. Microbial Plastic Factory: Synthesis and Properties of the New ; Lactate-Based Biopolymers ; John Masani Nduko, Ken>'ichiro Matsumoto, and Seiichi Taguchi ; 14. Synthesis of Poly-(R)-3 Hydroxyoctanoate (PHO) and Its Graphene ; Nanocomposites ; Ahmed Abdala, John Barrett, and Friedrich Srienc ; 15. Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoate by a Marine Bacterium Vibrio ; sp. Strain Using Sugars, Plant Oil, and Unsaturated Fatty Acids as Sole ; Carbon Sources ; Satoshi Tomizawa, Jo-Ann Chuah, Misato Ohtani, Taku Demura, and Keiji Numata ; 16. PEGylated Antibodies and DNA in Organic Media and Genetic ; PEGylation ; Seiichi Tada, Hiroshi Abe, and Yoshihiro Ito ; Biobased Materials: Polyesters ; 17. Effect of Polycondensation Conditions on Structure and Thermal ; Properties of Poly(caffeic acid) ; Daisuke Ishii, Hiroki Maeda, Hisao Hayashi, Tomohiko Mitani, Naoki Shinohara, ; Koichi Yoshioka, and Takashi Watanabe ; 18. Biodegradable Films and Foam of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3- ; hydroxyvalerate) Blended with Silk Fibroin ; Amy Tsui, Xiao Hu, David L. Kaplan, and Curtis W. Frank ; 19. Synthesis and NMR Characterization of Hyperbranched Polyesters from ; Trimethylolpropane and Adipic Acid ; Tracy Zhang, Bobby A. Howell, Paul K. Martin, Steven J. Martin, and ; Patrick B. Smith ; 20. Direct Fluorination of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co)-hydroxyhexanoate ; Samsuddin F. Mahmood, Benjamin R. Lund, Sriram Yagneswaran, Shant Aghyarian, ; and Dennis W. Smith, Jr. ; Biobased Materials: ; Other Materials ; 21. Biobased Industrial Products from Soybean Biorefinery ; E. Hablot, D. Graiver, and R. Narayan ; 22. Applications of Common Beans in Food and Biobased Materials ; Atanu Biswas, William C. Lesch, and H. N. Cheng ; 23. Preparation and Characterization of Protein Isolate from Glandless and ; Glanded Cottonseed ; Michael K. Dowd and Milagros P. Hojilla-Evangelista ; 24. Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil as Raw Material for Biobased Materials ; H. N. Cheng, Mason Rau, Michael K. Dowd, Michael W. Easson, and ; Brian D. Condon ; 25. Lignin-Based Graft Copolymers via ATRP and Click Chemistry ; Hoyong Chung, Amer Al-Khouja, and Newell R. Washburn ; 26. Esterification of Xylan and Its Application ; Noreen G. V. Fundador, Yukiko Enomoto-Rogers, and Tadahisa Iwata ; 27. Converting Polysaccharides into High-Value Thermoplastic Materials ; James H. Wang and Bo Shi ; 28. Use of Cotton Gin Trash and Compatibilizers in Polyethylene Composites ; H. N. Cheng, M. K. Dowd, V. L. Finkenstadt, G. W. Selling, R. L. Evangelista, ; and Atanu Biswas ; Epilogue ; Editors>' Biographies ; Indexes ; Author Index ; Subject Index