Introduction to Materials Science

For the Introductory Materials Science course. This unique textbook is designed to serve as an active learning tool that uses carefully selected information and guided inquiry questions. Guided inquiry helps students reach true understanding of concepts as they develop greater ownership over the material presented. First, background information or data is presented. Then, concept invention questions lead the students to construct their own understanding of the fundamental concepts represented. Finally, application questions provide the students with practice in solving problems using the concepts that they have derived from their own valid conclusions.Preface Part I: Introduction Chapter 1: What is Guided Inquiry? 1.1 First Law of Thermodynamics 1.2 Active Learning Chapter 2: What is Materials Science and Engineering? 2.1 Types of Materials 2.2 The MSE Triangle Part II: Atomic and Molecular Structure of Materials Chapter 3: Bonding 3.1 Electronegativity 3.2 Primary Bonds 3.3 Non-Bonding Interactions Chapter 4: Atomic Arrangements in Solids 4.1 Crystalline and Amorphous Materials 4.2 Unit Cells 4.3 Miller Indices 4.4 Planes and Directions in Crystals 4.5 Crystalline Defects 4.6 Ceramic Crystal Structures 4.7 Defects in Ceramic Crystals 4.8 Determining Crystal Structure: Diffraction Chapter 5: The Structure of Polymers 5.1 Molecular Structure 5.2 Molecular Weight 5.3 Polymer Crystals 5.4 The Glass Transition Chapter 6: Microstructure: Phase Diagrams 6.1 Defining Mixtures 6.2 Isomorphous Binary Phase Diagrams - The Lever Rule 6.3 Isomorphous Binary Phase Diagrams - Microstructure 6.4 Eutectic Phase Diagrams - Microstructure 6.5 Eutectic Phase Diagrams - Microconstituents 6.6 Peritectic Phase Diagrams 6.7 Intermetallic and Ceramic Phase Diagrams Chapter 7: Diffusion 7.1 Diffusion Mechanisms 7.2 Diffusion Calculations: Fick's Laws Chapter 8: Microstructure: Kinetics 8.1 Nucleation and Growth 8.2 Heterogeneous Nucleation 8.3 Equilibrium vs. Nonequilibrium Cooling 8.4 Isothermal Transformation Diagrams 8.5 Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams Part III: Properties and Uses of Materials Chapter 9: Mechanical Behavior 9.1 Stress-Strain Curves 9.2 Bond-Force and Bond-Energy Curves 9.3 Strength of Metals 9.4 Strengthening Mechanisms for Metals 9.5 Structure-Property-Processing Relationships in Steel 9.6 Polymer Properties 9.7 Properties of Ceramics 9.8 Fracture 9.9 Fatigue 9.10 Hardness 9.11 Viscoelasticity 9.12 Composites Chapter 10: Materials in the Environment 10.1 Electrochemistry: How Does a Battery Work? 10.2 Corrosion of Metals 10.3 Oxide Formation 10.4 Degradation of Polymers Chapter 11: Electronic Behavior 11.1 Band Structure of Materials 11.2 Electronic Properties 11.3 Conductors 11.4 Semiconductors 11.5 Solid-State Devices Chapter 12: Thermal Behavior 12.1 Heat Capacity 12.2 Thermal Expansion 12.3 Thermal Conductivity Chapter 13: Materials Selection and Design 13.1 Ranking Procedures 13.2 Ashby Plots