Little, Brown Essential Handbook: Global Edition

The Little, Brown Essential Handbook, Eighth Edition, is a brief and accessible pocket-sized handbook that answers questions about writing in the disciplines, the writing process, grammar and usage, research writing, and documentation. Teaching and Learning Experience This text will provide a better teaching and learning experience-for you and your students. It provides: * Minimal terminology, clear explanations and examples, and pointers for ESL writers: Help students at all levels of learning. * Extensive sections on academic writing, research writing, source documentation, and document design: Support writers in all disciplines. * Convenient pocket size, four-color design, spiral binding, and numerous reference aids: Make the book convenient to carry and easy to use.Finding What You Need 00 Preface 0 PART 1 WRITING Essentials 1 Academic Writing a The writing situation b Thesis and organization c Evidence and research d Synthesis e Responsible use of sources f Language g Revision h Editing and proofreading 2 Writing Arguments a Elements of argument b Balance in argument c Organization of argument d Visual arguments e Sample argument 3 Writing in the Disciplines a Literature b Other humanities c Social sciences d Natural and applied sciences 4 Presenting Writing a Formats for academic papers b Visuals and other media c Oral presentations d Readers with vision loss PART 2 EFFECTIVE SENTENCES Essentials 5 Emphasis a Subjects and verbs b Sentence beginnings and endings c Coordination d Subordination 6 Conciseness a Focusing on the subject and verb b Cutting empty words c Cutting unneeded repetition d Reducing clauses and phrases e Revising there is or it is f Combining sentences 7 Parallelism a With and, but, or nor, yet b With both...and, either...or, etc. c With lists, headings, outlines 8 Variety and Detail a Varied sentence lengths and structures b Details 9 Appropriate Words a Nonstandard dialect b Slang c Colloquial language d Technical words e Indirect and pretentious writing f Sexist and other biased language 10 Exact Words a Right word for meaning b Concrete and specific words c Idioms d Cliches PART 3 GRAMMATICAL SENTENCES Essentials VERBS 11 Forms a Sing/sang/sung and other irregular verbs b Helping verbs c Verb + gerund or infinitive d Verb + participle 12 Tenses a Present tense (sing) b Perfect tenses (have/had/will have sung) c Consistency d Sequence 13 Mood a Subjunctive (I wish I were) b Consistency 14 Voice a She wrote it (active) vs. It was written (passive) b Consistency 15 Subject-Verb Agreement a -s ending for noun or verb b Words between subject and verb c Subjects with and d Subjects with or or nor e Everyone and other indefinite pronouns f Team and other collective nouns g Who, which, that h News and other singular nouns ending in -s i Inverted word order j Is, are, and other linking verbs PRONOUNS 16 Forms a She and I vs. her and me b It was she vs. It was her c Who vs. whom d Other constructions 17 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement a Antecedents with and b Antecedents with or or nor c Everyone, person, and other indefinite words d Team and other collective nouns 18 Pronoun Reference a Single antecedent b Close antecedent c Specific antecedent d Consistency MODIFIERS 19 Adjectives and Adverbs a Adjective vs. adverb b Adjective with linking verb: felt bad c Bigger, most talented, and other comparisons d Double negatives e Present and past participles: boring vs. bored f Articles: a, an, the 20 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers a Misplaced modifiers b Dangling modifiers SENTENCE FAULTS 21 Fragments 00 a Tests b Revision 22 Comma Splices and Fused Sentences a Main clauses without and, but, etc. b Main clauses related by however, for example, etc. PART 4 PUNCTUATION Essentials 23 The Comma 00 a And, but, or, nor, for, so, yet b Introductory elements c Interrupting and concluding elements d Series e Adjectives f Dates, addresses, place names, numbers g Quotations 24 The Semicolon a Main clauses b However, for example, etc. c Series 25 The Colon a For introduction b Salutations, titles and subtitles, time 26 The Apostrophe a Possessives b Misuses: plural noun, singular verb, personal pronoun c Contractions d Plural abbreviations, etc. 27 Quotation Marks a Direct quotations b Titles of works c Words used in a special sense d With other punctuation 28 End Punctuation a Period b Question mark c Exclamation point 29 Other Marks a Dash or dashes b Parentheses c Ellipses mark d Brackets e Slash PART 5 SPELLING AND MECHANICS Essentials 30 Spelling and the Hyphen a Spelling checkers b Spelling rules c The hyphen 31 Capital Letters a First word of sentence b Proper nouns and adjectives c Titles and subtitles of works d Titles of persons e Online communication 32 Italics or Underlining a Titles of works b Ships, aircraft, spacecraft, trains c Foreign words and phrases d Words or characters named as words e Online alternatives 33 Abbreviations a Familiar abbreviations b Latin abbreviations c Words usually spelled out 34 Numbers a Numerals, not words b Words, not numerals PART 6 RESEARCH AND DOCUMENTATION Essentials 35 Research Strategy a Subject, question, thesis b Goals for sources c Working bibliography 36 Tracking Sources a Working bibliography b Annotated bibliography c Files, printouts, and notes 37 Finding Sources a Electronic searches b Reference works c Books d Periodicals e The Web f Social media g Government publications h Images, audio, and audio i Your own sources 38 Evaluating and Synthesizing Sources a Evaluation b Synthesis 39 Integrating Sources into Your Text a Summary, paraphrase, direct quotation b Introduction and interpretation of source material c Clear boundaries for source material 40 Avoiding Plagiarism a Deliberate and careless plagiarism b What not to acknowledge c What must be acknowledged d Online sources 41 Documenting Sources a Discipline styles b Bibliography software 42 MLA Documentation and Format a Parenthetical text citations b List of works cited c Paper format d Sample pages 43 APA Documentation and Format a Parenthetical text citations b Reference list c Paper format d Sample pages 44 Chicago Documentation and Format a Notes and list of works cited b Models c Paper format d Sample pages 45 CSE Documentation a Name-year text citations b Numbered text citations c Reference list Commonly Misused Words Grammar Terms Index