Piero Della Francesca

One of the major artists of the Quattrocento, Piero della Francesca, who died in 1492, turned mathematics and perspective into a mysticism of space and light. Piero's graceful planar geometry was a precursor of Cubism and 20th century abstraction.

Naomi Haskell concentrates on Piero's series of monumental Madonnas, the magnificent Madonna della Misericordia and the mysterious pregnant Goddess, the Madonna del Parto, also his Arezzo fresco cycle, the Resurrection, and the enigmatic Flagellation.

Piero della Francesca has one of the most special and distinctive forms of space in painting. The bright, timeless spaces of Piero della Francesca are instantly recognizable, and critics sometimes evoke Greek sculpture in connection with Pieros paintings. One might also see in his hermetic, ritualized and timeless paintings the art of Chinese landscape painting, with its evocations of emptiness, which hints at the radical void of Eastern mysticism (in Zen Buddhism and Taoism). Pieros hypnotic art coolly melds science with art, space with spirit, the personal with the cosmic, and history, myth and religion with time.

Like the art of ancient Greece, Pieros paintings rejoice in eternal brilliance, an architectonic precision, a Classical feeling for proportion and harmony. In Piero della Francescas epoch, perspective, proportion and geometry attained a fetishistic quality. Seeing was theory-laden as Michael Baxandall put it. Pieros sense of mathematics and perspective took in commercial arithemetic on the one hand, and the transcendent purity of the Pythagorean solids on the other.

For Piero dela Francesca, geometry, proportion, perspective and mathematics had a magical quality. His art exalts, on one level, a jouissance of mathematics and measurement, in which the science of Renaissance perspective is joyously explored. Piero seemed to learn towards the cool, impersonal, impassive scientific inquiry of Aristotlean philosophy, rather than the more sensuous, more obviously mystical aspects of Platonic philosophy.

Bibliography, notes, illustrations.